市场资讯及洞察
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摘要
IEA 最新月报显示,全球石油需求增速放缓但仍具韧性。尽管库存持续回升,但 OECD 库存整体仍低于五年均值,市场对供应中断高度敏感。OPEC、IEA、EIA 均上调非 OPEC 供应,未来可能出现“松中带紧”的供需结构。原油价格在供应宽松预期与地缘扰动之间反复震荡,波动率下降但敏感度上升。油市表现也可能通过风险偏好外溢至能源板块、商品货币及相关市场。
一、全球原油供需前景:IEA 月报核心要点
国际能源署(IEA)最新原油月报显示,全球石油需求虽较去年降温,但整体依旧保持韧性 [1]。先进经济体消费表现好于预期,有效抵消部分新兴市场的疲弱需求。IEA 预计 2025–2026 年全球石油需求将保持温和增长。然而在供应方面,如果 OPEC+ 维持当前产量政策且需求不出现明显下滑,全球石油市场未来数个季度可能重新进入“边际紧平衡”状态。IEA 同时指出,高油价、全球经济放缓、电动车渗透等因素正在逐步压制需求增速,使油市呈现出“短期紧平衡、长期温和宽松”的结构。
二、多机构观点对比:OPEC、EIA 与 OECD 数据
三大机构对于未来市场平衡的看法存在显著差异,这主要源于对非 OPEC+ 供应增长和需求韧性的不同假设。总体来看,市场普遍认同未来供应将更加充裕,但对于过剩的规模和时间点存在分歧。

图 3:三大机构对 2025-2026 年需求与供应增长的预测对比,显示供应增长普遍超过需求增长,预示市场将进入供应过剩周期。
OPEC 的观点相对乐观。OPEC 预计 2025 年全球石油需求将增长约 130 万桶/日,2026 年略高至 140 万桶/日 [2]。与此同时,OPEC 在最新报告中连续上调非 OPEC 供给预期,并首次将 2026 年市场从“短缺”调整为“小幅过剩”,反映其判断未来供应增长可能快于需求。
EIA 的判断更偏向供应充裕。EIA 上调了美国页岩油产量预测,指出 2025 年美国原油产量将创历史新高。同时,全球供应预期被上调至日均 1.06 亿桶,高于全球消费的 1.041 亿桶,意味着未来库存可能持续累积 [3]。EIA 预期 2025–2026 年库存增加将对油价形成中期压力。
OECD 库存虽然持续回升,但仍低于五年均值。IEA 数据显示,今年全球观测库存前八个月净增约 2 亿桶,但 OECD 商业库存仍比五年均值低约 6700 万桶。整体来看,库存虽然恢复,但仍处历史偏低区间,使油市对供应中断的敏感度依旧很高。

图 1:OECD 商业原油库存近 5 年对比最新水平,显示库存虽有回升但仍低于五年均值。
三、原油价格走势:WTI 与 Brent 如何消化预期
2023 年下半年,布伦特因供应紧张和地缘冲突预期一度突破每桶 90 美元。然而进入 2024–2025 年,随着供应回升和库存恢复,油价整体震荡下移。近期价格承压主要来自供应过剩预期强化以及美国库存意外上升。

图 2:WTI 与 Brent 价格从 2025 年初的高位回落,近期在 60–70 美元区间震荡。
尽管地缘事件偶尔推升价格,但反弹难以持续,因为供应宽松的结构性预期迅速重新主导市场。WTI 与 Brent 的期限结构一度出现小幅 Contango,显示短期供应充裕压制近端价格,而远月因长期需求预期而保持相对坚挺。整体来看,油市呈现低波动、弱趋势但对消息高度敏感的特征。
四、驱动油市的关键变量:地缘政治与供应端不确定性
运输通道风险仍是油市最大的潜在冲击点之一。全球三分之一海运原油经过霍尔木兹海峡,一旦受阻便可能引发油价剧烈波动。衍生品定价显示断供概率虽低,但属于典型的“低概率、高冲击”事件。
OPEC+ 的政策滞后性也带来结构性波动。减产会压低库存、推高价格,但高油价又刺激非 OPEC 增产,使市场重新宽松。美国页岩油增速放缓进一步加剧供应端的不确定性,削弱其作为“摇摆产能”的角色。此外,俄罗斯、伊朗等国因制裁和冲突导致出口波动,更加剧油市敏感性。
五、油市变化的外溢影响
能源板块通常与油价同方向变动,但反应速度较油价更平缓。油价对风险偏好的溢出效应也容易影响澳元等商品货币。大宗商品价格上行往往提升商品出口国的贸易条件与风险情绪,而价格下跌则可能压制相关货币表现。
六、原油市场风险提示
- 数据发布风险: EIA 每周库存、IEA 与 OPEC 月报可能导致短线波动。
- 地缘政治风险: 产油区冲突、海运通道中断、制裁变化均可能影响供需平衡。
- 宏观风险: 利率政策、美元走势及全球经济增速变化都可能改变需求前景。
结语
IEA 最新展望显示,全球油市进入“边际紧平衡”阶段:库存修复但仍偏低,供应端不确定性大于需求端。在这种结构性环境下,油市会对政策、地缘事件与供给变化表现出高度敏感。理解供需框架、关注库存趋势与识别关键风险,将是未来判断油市走向的关键。
参考资料
[1] IEA (International Energy Agency). (2025, October). Oil Market Report - October 2025. https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-report-october-2025
[2] OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries). (2025, November). Monthly Oil Market Report. https://publications.opec.org/momr
[3] EIA (U.S. Energy Information Administration). (2025, November). Short-Term Energy Outlook. https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/steo/


Alibaba Group Holding Limited (NYSE: BABA, HKEX: 9988) announced the latest financial results on Thursday. The Chinese e-commerce giant reported revenue of $29.124 billion (up by 3% year-over-year), falling slightly short of $29.288 billion expected. Earnings per share topped analyst estimates for the quarter at $1.816 per share (an increase of 15% year-over-year) vs. $1.683 earnings per share estimate. ''We delivered solid results this past quarter despite ongoing macro environment challenges, which is a testament to our resilient business model and unmatched customer value proposition,'' Daniel Zhang, Chairman and CEO of the company said in a press release. ''The uncertainties of the global landscape have only reinforced our resolve to focus on building capacity that will yield sustainable, high-quality growth for our customers and our own business over the long term.
The trust of our shareholders has enabled Alibaba’s development over the past 23 years, and we are committed to improving shareholder return as we continue to strengthen the foundations for Alibaba’s future,'' Zhang added. Alibaba also announced an increase to its share buyback program: ''We have continued to take a holistic approach to improve operating efficiency and cost optimization throughout the company that resulted in adjusted EBITA growth of 29% year-over-year. With strong net cash position and cash flow generation, as of November 16, 2022, we had repurchased approximately US$18 billion of our shares under our existing US$25 billion share repurchase program.
In addition, our board has approved to upsize the share repurchase program by another US$15 billion and extend the program to the end of fiscal year 2025.'' Shares of Alibaba rose on Thursday – up by around 8% at $84.52 a share. Stock performance 1 month: +18.47% 3 month: -5.97% Year-to-date: -28.18% 1 year: -40.58% Alibaba price targets Truist Securities: $125 Barclays: $114 Morgan Stanley: $110 B of A Securities: $155 Bernstein: $130 Benchmark: $205 JP Morgan: $140 HSBC: $141 Citigroup: $172 Alibaba is the 37 th largest company in the world with a market cap of $227.68 billion. You can trade Alibaba Group Holding Limited (NYSE: BABA, HKEX: 9988) and many other stocks from the NYSE, NASDAQ, HKEX, ASX, LSE and DE with GO Markets as a Share CFD.
Sources: Alibaba Group Holding Limited, TradingView, MarketWatch, MetaTrader 5, Benzinga, CompaniesMarketCap


NVIDIA Corporation (NASDAQ: NVDA) reported its latest financial results after the market close in the US on Wednesday. The US technology giant beat revenue estimates but fell short of earnings per share (EPS) expectations for the quarter. The company reported revenue of $5.931 billion (down by 17% year-over-year) vs. $5.781 billion estimate.
EPS reported at $0.58 per share (down by 50% year-over-year) vs. $0.70 per share. ''We are quickly adapting to the macro environment, correcting inventory levels, and paving the way for new products,'' founder and CEO of NVIDIA, Jensen Huang said after posting the latest results. ''NVIDIA’s pioneering work in accelerated computing is more vital than ever. Limited by physics, general purpose computing has slowed to a crawl, just as AI demands more computing. Accelerated computing lets companies achieve orders-of-magnitude increases in productivity while saving money and the environment,'' Huang added.
NVIDIA expects revenue of around $6 billion in Q4. The stock was down by 4.54% on Wednesday at $159.09. The share price rose by around 2% in after-hours following the results.
Stock performance 1 month: +33.32% 3 month: -12.37% Year-to-date: -45.37% 1 year: -45.09% NVIDIA price targets Credit Suisse: $210 Oppenheimer: $225 Barclays: $140 Deutsche Bank: $140 Citigroup: $210 BMO Capital: $210 Mizuho: $205 Stifel: $165 Needham: $170 NVIDIA is the 14 th largest company in the world with a market cap of $400.98 billion. You can trade NVIDIA Corporation (NASDAQ: NVDA) and many other stocks from the NYSE, NASDAQ, HKEX, ASX, LSE and DE with GO Markets as a Share CFD. Sources: NVIDIA Corporation, TradingView, MarketWatch, MetaTrader 5, Benzinga, CompaniesMarketCap


The EUR has been on a ‘recovery rally’ since it fell below parity level with USD earlier this year. With inflationary pressures potentially easing across the world the USD has finally taken a breath. The currency which has been haven for many market participants in dealing with the high volatility finally saw a dip after weaker than expected US CPI figures last week.
Since this time the USD Index or DXY has fallen by nearly 4.5% which is a significant drop. This has had an overall positive impact on currencies that were struggling such as the AUD, JPY and of course the EUR. Whilst the EUR has provided a positive move in recent weeks and days there is still some geopolitical concerns especially with the news of a missile killing two citizens in Poland earlier this week.
Technical Analysis The weekly chart shows that price is currently testing a long terms resistance level at 1.0352. This level acted as support for almost 7 years prior to being broken and therefore has become a significant level. In addition, the price is also fighting against the 50-week moving average which is at 1.0588.
The 50 week moving averages is also a short-term long target for long trades. Looking more closely at the daily chart, the price is showing an important signal that it has not done since May 2020. The price is testing the 200-day moving average.
If it can break through it may represent a bullish signal. The last time the price broke through this level it managed to go from 1.10 to 1.23. This time around, the currency pair is having to fight inflationary pressures which may create a headwind.
The price action is still showing a potential price target of 1.06 in the near term and if it can break through the 200-day moving average and a longer-term target of 1.15.


热门话题
美元指数强势突破110 关口,新兴经济体主权债务风险上升,股市波动风险增加,部分国家地区股市大幅回落。澳洲房产价格也开始下跌。未来的衰退是否会演变成经济危机呢?

由于新冠疫情、地缘冲突、能源短缺、通胀高企、货币政策紧缩、需求回落等多重因素相互叠加的影响,全球经济不断衰退。8月份全球制造业和服务业PMI 指数分别为50.3%和49.2%,分别较年内高点回落3.4 和 4.8 个百分点。本文从空间、时间、结构和价格来简单解读上述现象的结果。从空间来看,美联储连续多次大幅加息,发达和新兴经济体均面临下行风险。欧元区面临的衰退压力大于美国。澳洲衰退的压力在发达国家中最低。从时间维度看,2020年疫情以来,全球主要经济体经历了“衰退—复苏—再衰退”的经济周期。未来面对着通胀回落和经济衰退的矛盾。若2023年美联储结束加息,则经济周期重新恢复预计为2023年下半年。

从结构维度看,全球经济面临供给和需求的不平衡,部分国家需求增加但供给减少。而部分行业也面临着供求失衡的情况。比如此前芯片紧缺造成的手机和汽车断货。全球供应链压力有所缓解,但行业和国家间的短缺仍然存在。少数行业供给过剩。大部分发达国家当前处于“工资—通胀”螺旋上升的局面,尤其是欧洲受到乌克兰局势影响,制造业能力持续下滑。从价格维度看,进入四季度后,全球通胀压力将有所缓解,天然气等能源价格有所回落。美联储继续加息进程,部分商品价格出现回落,资产价格下跌。若国家依赖于进口,则有可能在美元升值的过程中,本币贬值,国内资金流出,资产价格下跌,汇率下跌,进口材料上涨,工业成本上涨,进而陷入经济衰退。相反,若国家依赖于出口,例如澳洲,则有可能趁机加大出口额度,国内经济压力较低,陷入经济衰退的风险就会降低。

从11月各国经济数据和央行反应来看,美国继续大幅度加息的概率在降低,我们依旧维持原有判断:12月通胀数据会因为圣诞节假期等因素反弹,并可能迎来最后的高强度加息。1月之后,由于大宗商品价格持续回落,以及中国春节停工,欧洲地区逐渐度过冬天,对能源需求相对减弱,通胀会逐步回落。而明年美国加息预计会到5.25%,也就是央行基准利率。澳洲央行基准利率根据RBA的数据显示,大概率在4.2%-4.6%之间。因此,大家的澳洲房贷明年应该会在5.5%-6.5%之间浮动。对于非美货币对来说,此前美国加息预期持续走强,导致澳元跌落0.63附近。而目前来看,主要国家货币不太可能持续走弱。因为发达国家购买力比较接近,同时资本又可以自由流通。如果澳洲汇率过低,则其他国家可以更低的价格购买澳洲优质资产,造成澳洲资产流失。这是国家不希望看到的。所以,如果CPI通胀走弱,美国加息减缓,对于非美货币来说,将重新回到此前的公允价值区间,澳币也会重新站在0.68上方。

对于股市来说,澳洲股市相对比较平稳。此前大部分股票经过大幅度下挫之后,股价被低估。现阶段大量机构资金进入,寻找被错杀的上市公司。同样,对于香港恒生和中国CHINA50指数来说,我们也是看涨的。未来政治相对稳定的情况下,经济重心就会变为国家战略。所以,未来各国股市方面都会有不错的表现。总之,经济是否会进入危机,从根源上看科技生产力是否能再次带来新的科技革命。从宏观调控的角度看,美国是否降低或减缓加息力度。从表象来看,股市是否会企稳并再次进入上涨周期。这些都会决定我们未来1-3年的经济走势。至少目前来看,澳洲的经济不会进入衰退期。明年经济复苏的可能性更大。免责声明:GO Markets分析师或外部发言人提供的信息基于其独立分析或个人经验。所表达的观点或交易风格仅代表其个人;并不代表GO Markets的观点或立场。联系方式:墨尔本 03 8658 0603悉尼 02 9188 0418中国地区(中文) 400 120 8537中国地区(英文) +248 4 671 903作者:Jacky Wang | GO Markets 亚洲投研部主管

Walmart Inc. (NYSE: WMT) announced its latest financial results before the market open in the US on Tuesday. World’s largest supermarket chain reported total revenue of $152.8 billion for the quarter (up by 8.7% year-over-year) vs. $147.668 billion expected. Earnings per share reported at $1.50 per share (up by 3.4% year-over-year) vs. $1.321 per share estimate. ''We had a good quarter with strong top-line growth globally led by Walmart and Sam’s Club U.S., along with Flipkart and Walmex.
Walmart U.S. continued to gain market share in grocery, helped by unit growth in our food business. We significantly improved our inventory position in Q3, and we’ll continue to make progress as we end the year. From The Big Billion Days in India, through our Deals for Days events in the U.S. and a Thanksgiving meal that will cost the same as last year, we’re here to help make this an affordable and special time for families around the world.
We have an amazing group of associates that make all this happen, and I want to say thank you,'' President and CEO of Walmart, Doug McMillon said in a press release. Walmart raised its full-year outlook after its strong Q3 results and announced a $20 billion share buyback program. Shares of Walmart were up by 6.54% on Tuesday at $147.14 a share.
Stock performance 1 month: +10.69% 3 month: +54% Year-to-date: +62% 1 year: +71% Walmart price targets Jefferies: $165 Keybanc: $155 Morgan Stanley: $150 DA Davidson: $163 Cowen & Co.: $165 Stifel: $149 Oppenheimer: $155 Credit Suisse: $145 Deutsche Bank: $162 Citigroup: $162 Walmart is the 14 th largest company in the world with a market cap of $402.87 billion. You can trade Walmart Inc. (NYSE: WMT) and many other stocks from the NYSE, NASDAQ, HKEX, ASX, LSE and DE with GO Markets as a Share CFD. Sources: Walmart Inc., TradingView, MetaTrader 5, Benzinga, CompaniesMarketCap


Bitcoin has seen its price plummet after a volatile week largely due to the collapse of Cryptocurrency exchange, FTX. The price of the Bitcoin has fallen to levels not seen since November 2020. The price is now showing signs that it may be in a short-term consolidation before it may sell off again.
The downward move may be amplified, especially if it is supported by a news catalyst such as another cryptocurrency exchange going bust or other institutions become entangled in the FTX situation. After the price of Bitcoin had an initial downward spike in selling where the price broke through the crucial $17,000 support level, the price has been consolidating in a bearish pennant pattern. This pattern is categorised by a tightening of its price range and an overall downward trend in volume.
Although, the volume is not perfectly downward sloping, through the duration of the pennant it has been for the most part decreasing. If the pattern plays out correct, the sellers will soon overpower the buyers and push the price through the bottom part of the pennant signaling the next sell down. If the price can break towards the downside out of the pennant and break through the recent lows, the next major support level is at $13,000 USD and then $10,000 after that.
The trade if it follows through also represents relatively good risk reward of almost 3.5:1. However it is important to remember that Bitcoin has been exceptionally oversold and may struggle to move further down so good risk management is essential. With so much attention around cryptocurrency the elevated volatility may continue in the short-term future.