市场资讯及洞察

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昨晚美股休市，外盘市场已经风起云涌，媒体铺天盖地报道着特朗普的就职演说，借开盘机会，我们逐条分析下特朗普就职演说对金融市场的影响，也分析下昨晚衍生品市场的情况。特朗普宣称要收回巴拿马运河并改墨西哥湾为美利坚湾，介于其当前实际话语权已经是美国所有，在供应链端并不会有多大改变，更多的是政治和军事状态的影响；内阁将打击通胀，将宣布国家进入紧急能源状态，这点直接影响金融市场油气价格，原油和天然气价格大跌，核电价格短期或遭受牵连；对外税务机构对外国公司在美国征税，直接影响美元，昨晚美元暴跌，直接压低美债收益率助推美债价格反弹；南部边界将进入国家紧急状态，严厉打击非法移民，遣送大量国外犯罪分子，有利于美国各领域振兴和经济走强；将结束绿色新政并取消电动车强制规定，大规模生产汽车，送人类上火星，这是为马斯克量身定制的政策，短期利空电动车行业，中长期唯独利好特斯拉；停止政府审查，回复言论自由，利好抖音在美国的市场恢复；改革世贸体系，减少税收优惠，能够增加美国产品国际市场竞争力，短期利空美元；美国即日起官方政策仅有男性和女性两个性别，对跨性别行业相关题材及相关医药公司形成利空。

市场形容特朗普的四年将会是开盲盒的四年，正热态度明显更为激进和极端，政治将严重渗透进经济，特别是金融体系，单一政策的多空效果及最终效果很难预判。美股股指期货如期普涨，今天美股大概率会有较大波动，能源板块会形成明显打击。晚间美元指数暴跌回到108关口，金价也仅仅是保持不跌，由于地缘战争风险降低，美元的暴跌并未助推黄金，而是被对冲了大部分影响。恐慌期货排除展期影响是有一定回落的，主要挂钩的标普500走势较强。油价继续看空完全符合预判，美油在短暂触及80美元大关以后快速回到了77平台，美国政府是不会允许油价一直上涨的，原油期货空单依然可以持有。外汇方面晚盘变动极大，美元的暴跌大幅推高了非美货币，其实从结果看也兑现了特朗普当选前表态压低美日和美人的初衷。澳美大幅反弹靠近0.63大关，美日回到156以下，美元人民币重回暴跌至7.26平台，一夜跌去了一个季度的涨幅，若本周日本加息，美日将进一步回落。免责声明：GO Markets 分析师或外部发言人提供的信息基于其独立分析或个人经验。所表达的观点或交易风格仅代表其个人；并不代表 GO Markets 的观点或立场。联系方式：墨尔本 03 8658 0603悉尼 02 9188 0418中国地区(中文） 400 120 8537中国地区(英文） +248 4 671 903作者：Xavier Zhang | GO Markets 高级分析师

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上周五美股大涨迎接特朗普就职，今天美股休市，特朗普将宣誓就职，其川普币发行不久就连翻数倍，特朗普身价水涨船高。另一好消息是刚刚宣布的他将废除拜登颁布的每一项禁令，抖音得以在美国续命。本周没有重大金融数据影响市场，财报尽管趋于密集，但也没有特别重大的权重股影响，因此美股大概率会延续上周涨势，等到下周消息更密集周去展现调整。三大股指周五均大幅上扬，AI板块大部分上冲，七巨头全部上涨。核能电力板块涨幅更大，但国际铀价并未上涨，由此分析核技术股和电力股继续上涨概率更大，铀矿股或继续区域震荡。特朗普概念爆发，特朗普币发行助推比特币更上一层楼，其相关概念股涨幅都较大，美国金融投行券商股们纷纷被看好，高盛财报盈利破银行业年度历史记录。今天澳股金融板块也将走强，澳指也将走出明显上行。

美元指数扩大涨幅，股债双涨，金价回落至2700整数关口。恐慌指数微弱下行说明市场稳定性依然不佳。油价继续如期小幅回落，美油回到78平台。外汇方面美元走强使得非美货币再度被打压，澳美跌破0.62，而日本本周加息概率大增，美日涨幅并不大，继续保持在156平台，美元人民币则在中国干预后稳步下行回到了7.33关口，但整体跌幅不大。免责声明：GO Markets 分析师或外部发言人提供的信息基于其独立分析或个人经验。所表达的观点或交易风格仅代表其个人；并不代表 GO Markets 的观点或立场。联系方式：墨尔本 03 8658 0603悉尼 02 9188 0418中国地区(中文） 400 120 8537中国地区(英文） +248 4 671 903作者：Xavier Zhang | GO Markets 高级分析师

One of the biggest indicators confounding markets, economists, and commentators over the past six months in particular, is the strength of the employment market. Not only are they stable, they are moving at rates outside historical ten year norms. Just have a look at Australia at the moment, unemployment at 4% averaging 35 to 40,000 jobs per month and participation in the employment market at or near record all-time highs.

This is not just an Australia story, have a look at the US where the non-farm payroll figures continue to run ahead of our expectations and forecasts. Yes it is eased from its peak in 2023/2024 but overall The US employment market is really solid. This is despite the fact that the cost of living crisis is entering its 28th month and according to all media factions is still ‘ending the world’.

The thing is - employment stability produces stronger than anticipated consumer spending. And we believe that this is what's being missed by traders and investors alike as the stability has directly supported stronger-than-anticipated consumer spending. Which in turn for western developed markets underscores why there has been resilience of the economy.

That's not to say a slowdown in economic growth is off the cards, more that the trajectory looks less steep and more delayed than previously forecasted. Retail sales data for December showed a solid 0.7% month-on-month (MoM) increase. Which suggests real consumption growth for the final quarter of 2024 was a year on year (YoY) 3%.

As long as the labour market remains resilient and equity prices avoid a sharp downturn, consumer spending should continue to hold up. Caveat is US savings rates, they are now at the lowest level in over 6 years so expect spending growth to moderate in the coming months. Something that was seen in 23/24 was weaker retail sales in Q1 of last year after a bumper December print - could repeat in 2025 following the strong December retail performance?

But you are probably thinking “who cares” what does this mean for my trades and what does this mean for my positioning? Well as explained in last week’s 5 thematics of 2025 - nationalism versus global trade supply is one area we need to look at. Because it will feed directly into the theme that has been going on now for 18 months which is the consumer price conundrum.

Why this matters markets have put so much money behind the rate cut trade impacts both positively and negatively to inflation will still be one of the biggest impactors to your trades. So looking to the US let's break down the December CPI data – there was a modest 0.23% MoM increase, for a YoY rate of 2.7%. Aligning with the 0.17% MoM rise in core Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE), which and a YoY rate of 2.1%.

This effectively confirms the Fed’s inflation target has been hit. Think about that for one moment and the initial reactions in the market to start 2025. It was rift with bets that the Fed could be done, and that inflation would remain stubbornly high.

There is justification for this idea and more on that below. The December CPI suggests US core inflation to trend down to about 2% by mid-year. Secondly the trend is there as well - three-month core inflation has slowed to 2.2%, and six-month core inflation has eased to 2.3%.

These figures point to a clear and sustained moderation in price pressures. Going deeper – the biggest factor that is likely to drive US inflation lower is signs shelter costs have peaked and are beginning to ease. Owner’s Equivalent Rent rose just 0.23% in November and 0.31% in December.

These increases are much slower than the 0.4-0.5% monthly jumps seen in late 2023 and are more in line with pre-pandemic norms. Of course, there are caveats to this narrative. Residual seasonality in the data could skew the inflation readings.

For example, in both 2023 and 2024, softer inflation in the latter half of the year was followed by a sharp 0.5% MoM spike in core PCE inflation in January. But – if the November December trend in PCE inflation was to continue in February and March it would reinforce confidence among both the Fed and markets that inflation is on a sustainable path back to the central bank’s 2% target – and that should equal more rate cuts in the Federal Funds Rate. All things being equal - by the time the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meets in May, there would likely be enough evidence to justify this move, especially to prevent real policy rates from rising unintentionally as nominal rates hold steady.

However – there are input costs coming from the newly installed Trump administration. Changes to immigration policy is likely to drive up wage and input cost on sectors such as agriculture and personal services. Then there are possible tariffs and other trade sanction issues that will also impact global supply and ultimately price.

If we look at the chatter from Fed officials, opinions vary on the implications of broader policy shifts. Hawkish members of the Fed expect these policies to exert upward pressure on inflation, while dovish officials, argue that any price increases stemming from these factors would likely be temporary and wouldn’t necessitate a monetary policy response. Either way – they are unknown knowns, and explains the flow of funds to the USD, CHF and gold.

It also probably explains further excitement in crypto. So – who is right and who is wrong? If we take the movement in the USD and bond markets as ‘right’ – inflation is going to move higher from here and the Fed is done.

Traders only now have moved from possible rate hike(s) – (yes higher) to a mild chance of a single rate cut in 2025. The Fed’s December dot plots – only has 50 basis points – so two cuts, which is not huge and explains the shifts. On the counter – if the current market trend is wrong we need to look at the economist forecast.

Most have 3 rate cuts in 2025 some have as much as 5 (so 125 basis points). If that was to be the case the speed and change in positioning will be rapid and the strength in the USD would need to be evaluated. That scenario, if it eventuates, would likely begin in May, there is plenty of time to reposition.

But risks remain, particularly around seasonality and policy uncertainties. In the interim, watch for fiscal policy around nationalism then look for changes in inflation and labour that lead to monetary policy changes in the coming months to maintain balance in the economy.

热门话题

2024 年的大宗商品市场表现复杂多变，能源和农业板块的疲软被金属板块的强势部分抵消。进入2025 年，整体大宗商品价格可能保持相对平稳，但各板块内部的结构性变化和宏观经济政策将对未来走势产生重要影响。今天我们将从贵金属、工业金属、能源和农产品等领域分析当前市场的挑战与未来可能的方向。贵金属主要靠避险需求与价格动能来推动。尽管大宗商品市场整体表现一般，贵金属板块却表现亮眼。其中黄金和白银尤为突出，2024年摩根大通的贵金属子指数BCOM上涨了 20%。这种强势不仅体现了贵金属作为避险资产的长期吸引力，还反映了地缘政治风险和全球货币政策不确定性对投资者情绪的影响。全球通胀、美元波动和美联储政策不确定性的影响下，2025年黄金价格有望升至3000 美元/盎司，并在第四季度维持在 2950 美元/盎司的平均水平。白银可能迎来更大的补涨空间，白银价格预计上涨至 38 美元/盎司。

工业金属受供需紧张推动价格反弹驱动。工业金属市场在 2024 年表现相对温和，但 2025 年或将成为价格反弹的关键时期。由于供给侧受限和全球需求增长稳健，铜和铝等金属价格在未来可能显著上涨。短期来看，中国的关税政策可能对市场形成一定压力。然而，从长远来看，全球需求的增长与供应不足将推动价格走高。2025年铜价将有望回升至10400 美元/吨，2026 年均价进一步上涨至 11000 美元/吨。铝市场则受限于高成本和中国供应限制，预测价格将在 2025 年下半年升至 2850 美元/吨。

能源市场在供需失衡的深远影响下可能继续承压。2024年，天然气价格下跌14%，而石油市场仅实现小幅上涨。2025年，天然气价格预计将达到平均3.5 美元/百万英热单位，略高于当前远期合约曲线水平。但天气变化和基础设施瓶颈可能限制其上涨幅度。石油市场则面临更大的下行压力，2025年布伦特原油价格预计降至73 美元/桶，而 WTI 原油价格可能跌至 70 美元以下。非欧佩克国家的大规模增产是主要驱动因素，尤其是巴西、圭亚那和挪威的深水开采项目对市场的冲击显著。农产品方面，2025年或受到库存减少与潜在复苏的上涨推动。2024 年，农产品价格整体下滑，主要谷物和油料作物如小麦、玉米和大豆的价格均处于低位。然而，今年年农产品市场可能出现反弹迹象，受益于库存减少和天气因素的影响。高盛分析团队预计，全球谷物价格将在2025 年上涨约 3%。其中，小麦和玉米市场有望在多年低点后复苏，而棕榈油和原糖市场因供需紧张具备更强的上涨动能。此外，美国的贸易政策和对华关税问题将进一步影响全球农产品市场动态。若中美农产品贸易改善，美国农产品出口可能显著增加。

宏观经济与政策环境方面也将自上而下影响大宗商品市场，其中尤以特朗普政府关税政策为主要不确定性。若对中国的关税上调至60%，将对全球供需链条产生深远影响，当然同时也可能推动美元进一步升值。总体而言，投资者可以关注以下策略：贵金属：继续看涨黄金和白银，黄金可能成为宏观不确定性的最佳对冲工具。工业金属：关注铜和铝的价格反弹，特别是在2025 年下半年需求回升的背景下。农产品：重点关注小麦、棕榈油和原糖市场的复苏潜力。能源：对石油市场保持谨慎，警惕供过于求导致的价格下行风险。大宗商品市场的复杂性要求投资者具备灵活的风险管理能力和对基本面的深入分析。在全球经济分化加剧、政策不确定性升高的背景下，机遇与挑战并存，市场参与者需要保持高度警觉，以抓住潜在的投资机会。免责声明：GO Markets 分析师或外部发言人提供的信息基于其独立分析或个人经验。所表达的观点或交易风格仅代表其个人；并不代表 GO Markets 的观点或立场。联系方式：墨尔本 03 8658 0603悉尼 02 9188 0418中国地区(中文） 400 120 8537中国地区(英文） +248 4 671 903作者：Christine LI | GO Markets 墨尔本中文部

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今天跟大家聊聊关于价格波动性很强，最近表现不错的原油。影响原油价格的因素很多，我们今天就来说几个比较主要的，然后一起看一看怎么通过这些因素判断原油价格的未来趋势。

原油和其他大宗商品的逻辑是一样的，价格变化首先需要考虑的就是供给关系，目前OPEC+依旧是影响原油供给端的核心力量，OPEC+的减产计划给原油价格的上升提供了支撑，此外沙特和俄罗斯还采取了额外的减产措施，进一步推动了原油价格的上涨。但与此同时，美国页岩油的弹性供应始终是市场的重要变数，尽管美国钻井平台数量减少至527座（较去年同期下降15%），但本土页岩油行业近年来技术进步飞快，这也让美国能迅速在价格上升时恢复产量。这种灵活性制约了OPEC+控制油价的能力，在一定程度上抵消了OPEC+减产带来的原油价格上升影响，但是全球范围内对于原油价格影响最大的供给端依旧是OPEC+，所以OPEC+减产还是可以给原油带来一个价格上涨的趋势。

讨论完供给端后接下来就是需求端。需求端的主要构成就是一些原油的进口国，比如中国作为全球最大的原油进口国，最近的经济活动的复苏信号给市场带来了积极的影响，在2024年，中国日均原油进口量达到1150万桶，同比增长了6%。然而，欧美市场的需求增长就没有这么可观。欧洲的高能源成本和美国的高利率环境，都在不同程度上抑制了原油消费，并且新能源转型的步伐也在逐步改变传统能源的需求格局。2024年，全球电动车销量突破1100万辆，同比增长35%，这直接削弱了汽油和柴油的需求增长。这一趋势尽管在短期内对油价的直接冲击有限，但从长期看，能源转型将不可避免地压缩原油市场的需求增长空间。

我们总说原油的价格波动性很强，因为不仅仅供需关系会影响原油价格，政治和地缘因素也会给原油价格带来波动。

举一个政治因素的例子，特朗普重新执政后，计划对加拿大的大宗商品进口征收25%的关税，这其中就包括了原油，这个消息周一一经发出，加拿大43家能源企业组成的指数就下跌了1.4%。并且这一政策除了限制加拿大能源企业的盈利能力之外，也会带来更深远的影响。比如可能会潜在影响供应链分裂导致运输成本上升，加拿大作为美国最大的原油进口来源，2023年向美国出口原油365万桶/日，占美国进口总量的52%。一旦关税实施，加拿大原油可能面临更高的运输成本，影响北美能源市场的价格平衡。而在这一背景下，加拿大可能寻求扩大对亚洲市场的出口，影响到全球竞争格局。但全球和美国的油价并没有受此影响，反而由于运输进口成本上升和特朗普本身作为“亲石油派”等等原因继续表现出了上涨趋势。

除了政治因素，地缘因素对原油市场的影响也很明显。我们所熟知的中东地区，巴以和伊朗的冲突很有可能会威胁到原油出口的运输，而乌克兰和俄罗斯战争也让俄罗斯的原油出口能力面临更大挑战，加剧全球供应的不确定性，导致油价进一步上涨，这点通过观察整个2024年源于市场的表现就可以看出。

所以总结来说，不同因素会造成原油价格不同方向的趋势。今天我们提到过的可能造成原油价格上涨的原因包括了：特朗普上任后落实了对加拿大包括原油在内的大宗商品征收关税；原油进口国的需求量增大。而反之以下这些因素有可能造成原油价格推翻上涨趋势开始下跌：大力推动新能源应用发展的政策出台；OPEC+停止减产计划，供给上升；以及现在巴以冲突进入了最后谈判阶段，如果顺利停战，对中东地区的原油出口压力变小，原油价格也会开始下降。

免责声明：GO Markets 分析师或外部发言人提供的信息基于其独立分析或个人经验。所表达的观点或交易风格仅代表其个人；并不代表 GO Markets 的观点或立场。联系方式：墨尔本 03 8658 0603悉尼 02 9188 0418中国地区(中文） 400 120 8537中国地区(英文） +248 4 671 903作者：Yoyo Ma | GO Markets 墨尔本中文部

Welcome to 2025, a year that will be shaped by macro thematic events that were put in place at the end of 2024. Why we need to prioritise thematic analysis is that if we look at 2023 and 2024 indices and FX markets that were tied to the thematics of those two years outperformed peers and similar tools. Considering the S&P 500 returned a whopping 25 percent in 2024, starting the new year around the event that will shape the trading world is prudent.

So what will be the big thematics of 2025? Here are the five themes shaping the year ahead, each refined to align with evolving market dynamics: 1. The nationalisation of globalism Tricky title yes, but we are going to see a return to nationalistic policies from all walks of government.

This theme is likely to make a strong return in 2025 after pausing from about mid 2023. It will be driven by shifting global trade particularly the US and China and policy priorities of populist governments that are popping up all over the world. The push pull of nationalism versus globalism has rapidly swung back to nationalism since COVID.

Policymakers are consistently banging the drum that reducing reliance on globalised supply chains in favour of localised production and economic security. Just take a look at the policy ‘Future made in Australia’. This is a policy that is picking winners directly targeting manufacturing and a technology space that is already saturated with global supply.

The question we as traders and investors have to ask is will national policy supporting inefficient industry win out over global supply into the future? Theory would suggest not investment however follows the money and governments are piling money in. Again that's not to say it's right, it's just the flow.

With the return of a Trump administration to the White House not only is nationalistic policies going to be front and centre for investment tariffs and trade impacts will also be a major theme for 2025 and beyond. The playbook here is to review Trump 1.0 and look at the impacts on trade from 2017 to 2020. More on that below.

What is clear is the current populist shift to nationalism in global supply chains marks the biggest swing in trade systems since the 1960s. What we need to realise as investors is which multinationals and trading firms can adjust to the new reality and which will face the challenges that they are unable to survive. Identifying these changes will be key to investing going forward. 2.

China sandbagging One of the fastest developing thematics of 2025 is signs that Beijing it's starting to sandbag itself against future incoming tariffs from the West, specifically the US. Already we're seeing changes to liquidity ratios, policy and local government that haven't been in place since 2017 and 18. We're also starting to see policies around employment, aged care, and other social services that have not been enacted or tweaked in over half a decade.

Couple this with signs of increased infrastructure spending changes to manufacturing orders and a shift in direction to internal purchases. Shows Beijing really does mean business And is preparing to fight fire with fire. Most notably that ‘fire’ power is the tweaks that's happening to the renminbi.

The depreciation that has been allowed by the Peoples Bank of China (PBoC) shows very clearly that if tariffs are to be placed on Chinese exports the appearance at the import docks will be one of negligent, even better off positioning in price. It is a very, very savvy way of countering arbitrary cost increases from its biggest market, that of the US. How Washington responds to this change is likely to be just less dramatic.

Be prepared for a full blown currency trade war over the next four years as Beijing and Washington trade economic barbs. The winners and losers are already starting to present, case in point is the impact and slide in price of the Aussie dollar (AUD). Currently sitting at a 5 year low to start 2025 against the US dollar and having seen a 10 per cent decline against the JPY, and 8 per cent decline against the CHF, EUR and even a 5 per cent decline against the GBP.

The AUD’s China proxy thematic is well and truly kicking and the Aussie will be a key part of the China sandbagging thematic trade of 2025. 3. Meaningful living Do not underestimate the change in social structures around ‘meaningful living’. With aging populations across the developed world more and more societies are shifting to pursue healthier and more meaningful lives.

This is the rise of online and AI driven programming health treatments, new age drug consumption and a concentration on preventative medicine and health products. Meaningful living is moving the dial in policy, economies, and businesses. You only have to look at Apple's investment in its fitness app or the rise and rise of wearables.

Increase content on social media and the impact that AI is now having on medical and health related industries. On this point look to healthcare, particularly AI-driven advancements and obesity treatments to continue to be the stand out areas. Then there will be the changes to consumption behaviours, nutrition and affordable foods, ‘core value’ items over mass consumption as well as demand for more sustainable consumption practices.

The advantage of the meaningful living thematic is that it will likely be fairly isolated to the issues that will present from thematic 1 and 2. You will also be fairly insulated from changes of things like inflation, interest rates and politics. 4. Energy Thirst The thirst for energy supply coupled with decarbonisation is going to be a thematic not just of 2025 but over the next decade.

What will be different in 2025 is a short- and long-term supply change. Once again, nationalism will play a part here – the Trump administration has made it a cornerstone of its re-election pitch that oil will be front and centre in the US’s energy supply. However at the same time Elon Musk’s presence makes the outlook for battery storage and Electric Vehicles (EVs) also very interesting.

Longer term – energy will also face the ultimate question of 100 per cent renewables, a hybrid model that includes fossil fuels and/or a model that involves yellow cake. Uranium is facing an interesting period, the demand from China, France, the US and the like for nuclear energy is growing by the year. We are also now seeing nations that have never entertained nuclear having a debate on it as well (Australia is case in point).

Thus from a trade and investment point of view – we need to consider three points here: Supply - who are the suppliers that will benefit short term who benefits long term? And are there players that will benefit over the entire period? Demand – As stated in thematic 1,2 and 3 energy demand is only going to increase and if we include thematic 5 – not only will demand increase it could move almost exponentially.

Delivery – what form of apparatus is needed to deliver the energy nations need? That means everything from renewables to nuclear, micro units (household solar) to macro units (power plants). As well as energy storage, carbon capture and grid optimisation. 5.

AI the third digital revolution It’s been two years since ChatGPT’s debut – and in those 24 months more value has been created than in the 65 years from 1945 to 2010 and we are still early in AI’s widespread adoption. AI is being called the third digital revolution after the invention of the computer and the internet. The difference in 2025 from 23 and 24 is we are moving from “infrastructure” and “enablers” to applications.

Those programs that will drive efficiency and market leadership. Already the fight is on to be the “it” provider here as the likes of Alphabet, Meta, Microsoft and Amazon continue to redefine their individual offering. The trends here that will matter in 2025 are things like enterprise adoption of AI, which firms are adopting AI and its positive impacts?

Rapid increases in AI capabilities, surprising even the most optimistic expectations and how fast can it move? Expanded profit opportunities, reducing debates over AI’s return on investment. The faster we can understand the pace of these changes the more investors can capitalise on AI’s transformative potential.

In short, with these five thematics as our basis for 2025, it will be an exciting and transformative year.